Field Marshal Sam Hormusji Framji Jamshedji Manekshaw, popularly known as Sam Manekshaw, was an eminent military commander and the Chief of the Army Staff of the Indian Army during the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971.
Here are some key points about Sam Manekshaw:
- Birth: Sam Manekshaw was born on April 3, 1914, in Amritsar, British India.
- Military Career: He was commissioned into the British Indian Army in 1934 and served with distinction in various capacities.
- World War II: During World War II, Manekshaw saw action in Burma (now Myanmar) and was promoted to the rank of Colonel.
- Post-Independence Service: After India gained independence in 1947, Manekshaw continued his service in the Indian Army. He held several key positions, including the Chief of the Army Staff.
- Indo-Pakistani War of 1965: Manekshaw played a significant role in the 1965 war with Pakistan.
- Indo-Pakistani War of 1971: Sam Manekshaw's leadership during the 1971 war with Pakistan was instrumental. The war led to the creation of Bangladesh and Pakistan surrendered to India. Manekshaw was promoted to the rank of Field Marshal—the highest rank in the Indian Army—after the victory.
- Bangladesh Liberation War: Manekshaw's strategic acumen and leadership during the Bangladesh Liberation War are widely praised. His order to delay military operations until India was fully prepared is considered a crucial decision.
- Retirement: Sam Manekshaw retired from the Indian Army in 1973.
- Honors and Awards: Field Marshal Sam Manekshaw received several honors and awards for his exceptional service, including the Padma Bhushan and the Padma Vibhushan.
- Post-Retirement: After retirement, he remained active in public life and was known for his wit and humor.
- Death: Sam Manekshaw passed away on June 27, 2008, at the age of 94.
Sam Manekshaw is remembered as one of India's greatest military commanders. His leadership during critical periods, particularly in the 1971 war, earned him respect and admiration. He was not only a military strategist but also a charismatic and beloved figure in India
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